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What D2C costs, line by line

The headline rate is one line of many. Tax, FX, payouts, chargebacks and refunds make up the rest.

  1. More than a headline rate: the fees payment providers charge on topEvery fee a payment provider or merchant of record can charge beyond its headline rate, in the order our calculator counts them, with published examples.Reviewed 19 September 2026 · 18 min
  2. VAT and sales tax on in-game purchases when you sell directThe app store collected tax on your in-game sales. On a web shop, you or your merchant of record must. EU and UK VAT, US sales tax and 17 more countries.Reviewed 20 September 2026 · 12 min
  3. Chargebacks and fraud in game paymentsWhy games draw chargebacks, how Visa's VAMP and Mastercard's programs count them, who pays under a merchant of record or a PSP, and the evidence that wins disputes.Reviewed 18 September 2026 · 11 min
  4. Net revenue vs gross margin: how D2C changes your P&LMoving player spend from app stores to a web shop can lower reported revenue while raising gross profit and gross margin. Why it happens, a worked P&L and board KPIs.Reviewed 1 October 2026 · 7 min